What are the risks or side effects of laser treatment for acne scars?

Laser treatment for acne scars is generally safe and effective when performed by a qualified dermatologist or trained laser specialist, but it does carry potential risks and side effects. Common transient effects include temporary redness, swelling, mild discomfort, and crusting at the treatment site—typically resolving within a few days to one week. More significant concerns include post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), particularly in individuals with Fitzpatrick skin types III–VI; this appears as darkened patches and may persist for several weeks or months but often fades spontaneously or with adjunctive therapy. Hypopigmentation—lightening of the treated skin—is less common but can be more persistent, especially after aggressive or repeated treatments. Rare but serious complications include scarring (hypertrophic or atrophic), infection (if post-procedure care is inadequate), and paradoxical acne flare-ups. Eye injury is also possible without proper protective eyewear. Patient selection, appropriate device choice (e.g., fractional non-ablative vs. ablative lasers), conservative energy settings, and strict adherence to pre- and post-treatment protocols—including sun avoidance and broad-spectrum SPF 50+ use—are critical to minimizing risk. A thorough consultation, including medical history review and skin assessment, is essential before initiating therapy.