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Mirror therapy

Rehabilitation estimated about CNY 100-240

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Description

A neurorehabilitation technique using a mirror to create visual feedback of the unaffected limb moving, tricking the brain into perceiving movement in the affected limb to reduce pain and improve motor function.

Main Uses

Mirror therapy is primarily used for: 1) Alleviating phantom limb pain in amputees; 2) Improving motor recovery and reducing hemiparesis after stroke; 3) Managing complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) Type I; 4) Enhancing functional hand use and reducing learned non-use in neurological rehabilitation; 5) Supporting pain modulation and cortical reorganization in chronic musculoskeletal pain conditions (e.g., post-surgical shoulder pain, focal dystonia). It is delivered as part of multidisciplinary neurorehabilitation programs.

Normal Range

Mirror therapy is a non-invasive, behavioral rehabilitation intervention—not a laboratory or diagnostic test with numerical biomarkers—so it has no defined 'normal range' or quantitative reference values. Clinical effectiveness is assessed qualitatively and functionally (e.g., reduction in phantom limb pain intensity on a 0–10 visual analog scale, improvement in Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores, or time to complete motor tasks). No standardized numeric thresholds or physiological parameters are measured.

Low Values - Possible Causes

Ineffective mirror therapy outcomes ('low response') may result from: 1) Inadequate patient adherence or inconsistent home practice; 2) Severe sensory-motor deficits or cortical reorganization limiting neural plasticity; 3) Presence of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) or central sensitization unresponsive to visual feedback; 4) Incorrect mirror setup (e.g., misalignment, poor lighting, or occlusion of reflection); 5) Cognitive impairment or neglect syndromes impairing attention to the mirrored illusion.

High Values - Possible Causes

Enhanced or 'high-response' outcomes in mirror therapy are not pathological but reflect optimal therapeutic engagement and neuroplastic potential; contributing factors include: 1) Early initiation post-injury/stroke (<3 months), leveraging heightened cortical plasticity; 2) High baseline motivation and intact visuospatial processing; 3) Concurrent use with other evidence-based interventions (e.g., graded motor imagery, occupational therapy); 4) Personalized protocol (e.g., tailored duration, frequency, task complexity); 5) Absence of comorbid conditions that impede sensorimotor integration (e.g., severe depression, untreated neuropathy, or cerebellar lesions).

mirror therapy neurorehabilitation phantom limb pain treatment

estimated about CNY 100-240