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Corneal Endothelial Cell Count

Eye Care estimated about CNY 200-400

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Description

A clinical measurement of the density of endothelial cells per square millimeter in the cornea, typically performed using specular microscopy to assess corneal health and suitability for surgery.

Main Uses

Assessing corneal endothelial health prior to intraocular surgery (e.g., cataract, refractive, or corneal transplantation); diagnosing and monitoring endothelial dystrophies (e.g., Fuchs); evaluating corneal decompensation risk; guiding surgical candidacy (e.g., suitability for phakic IOLs or endothelial keratoplasty); postoperative follow-up after corneal or anterior segment procedures; differentiating causes of corneal edema.

Normal Range

Typical corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) in healthy adults aged 20–40 years ranges from 2,500 to 3,500 cells/mm²; declines gradually with age (e.g., ~2,000–2,500 cells/mm² at age 60–70). Coefficient of variation (CV) <30% and percentage of hexagonal cells (hexagonality) >50–60% are considered normal morphometric indicators.

Low Values - Possible Causes

Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (post-cataract surgery), iridocorneal endothelial (ICE) syndrome, congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED), chronic intraocular inflammation (e.g., uveitis), prolonged contact lens wear (especially overnight), corneal trauma or surgery (e.g., penetrating keratoplasty, DSEK/DMEK complications)

High Values - Possible Causes

Measurement artifact (e.g., image misalignment, poor focus, specular microscope calibration error), early-stage corneal edema causing apparent cell crowding, post-inflammatory endothelial recovery (rare and transient), technical overestimation due to inclusion of non-endothelial structures (e.g., Descemet’s membrane folds), normal physiological variation in young individuals (<20 years, occasionally up to 4,000–4,500 cells/mm²)

corneal endothelial cell count specular microscopy corneal endothelium assessment

estimated about CNY 200-400