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Focal and grid laser photocoagulation

Eye Care estimated about CNY 800-1800

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Description

A retinal laser treatment targeting specific microaneurysms (focal) or diffuse macular edema (grid) to reduce leakage and prevent vision loss in diabetic retinopathy and other retinal vascular disorders.

Main Uses

Primary clinical uses include: 1) Treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME) — focal photocoagulation for discrete leaking microaneurysms and grid photocoagulation for diffuse edema; 2) Management of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO)-associated macular edema; 3) Stabilization of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) to prevent progression; 4) Adjunctive therapy in select cases of retinal capillary hemangiomas or Coats’ disease; 5) Prevention of vision loss when anti-VEGF therapy is contraindicated, unavailable, or suboptimally responsive.

Normal Range

Retinal laser photocoagulation (focal/grid) is a therapeutic procedure, not a diagnostic test with quantitative laboratory values; therefore, there is no 'normal range' of numerical measurements. Clinical success is assessed qualitatively via ophthalmoscopic evaluation: absence of active leakage on fluorescein angiography (FA), resolution of macular edema on optical coherence tomography (OCT), stable or improved visual acuity (e.g., ≥20/40 Snellen), and absence of new hemorrhages or neovascularization.

Low Values - Possible Causes

Inadequate treatment response may manifest as persistent edema or leakage — causes include: 1) Subtherapeutic laser energy/duration, 2) Incomplete coverage of leaking microaneurysms (focal) or edematous areas (grid), 3) Progressive underlying disease (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes, hypertension), 4) Concomitant conditions impairing healing (e.g., renal failure, anemia), 5) Early post-procedure timing before biological effect fully manifests (typically 3–6 weeks).

High Values - Possible Causes

Excessive or inappropriate treatment effects — causes include: 1) Overly intense or confluent laser burns causing retinal scarring or atrophy, 2) Accidental foveal involvement leading to central vision loss, 3) Excessive treatment area triggering paradoxical inflammation or cystoid macular edema, 4) Pre-existing advanced retinopathy with poor tissue tolerance, 5) Laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (rare but reported in chronic cases).

retinal laser photocoagulation diabetic macular edema treatment focal grid laser

estimated about CNY 800-1800